Boldine provides protective effect against nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin in Wistar rats: Role of oxidative stress, inflammation and caspase-3

Side effects of cisplatin, especially dose-dependent nephrotoxicity, are major factors limiting its use in cancer. Boldine ((S)-2, 9-dihydroxy-1, 10-dimethoxy-aporphine) is a natural alkaloid known for strong antioxidant activity present leaves/bark boldo tree (Peumus boldus Molina), native Chile. Here, we aimed to investigate the nephroprotective effect boldine and underlying mechanisms on cisplatin-induced rat renal injury. Thirty Wistar albino rats divided into 5 groups (Control, Cis, Bold.40, Cis + Bold.20, Bold.40 groups) were used. Rats received (20 or 40 mg/kg/day), vehicle (saline) intraperitoneal 14 days single dose cisplatin (7 mg/kg, ip) was applied 10th day induce nephrotoxicity. kidney tissue weighed determine index. Blood urea nitrojen (BUN) creatinine levels, amount thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, an index lipid peroxidation), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activities tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels measured histopathologic examination performed. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) caspase-3 expressions detected immunohistochemically. Nephrotoxicity induced by apparent elevated BUN, creatinine, index, TBARS TNF-α, decreased body weight, SOD GPx levels. Pretreatment with protected function at both doses fixing damage markers, oxidative stress, iNOS expression. Histopathological findings supported biochemical findings. Taken together these indicate that has promising protective against nephrotoxicity improving inflammation, histopathological alterations alleviating caspase 3